Psoriasis on the head is one of the most common forms of psoriasis.It can be an independent variant of the disease if there are only psoriasis cuts on the head (regional psoriasis of the scalp) or can refer to the manifestations of generalized, more diffuse forms if pathological changes capture the entire surface of the skin.
Causes of the disease
The causes of psoriasis on the head are the same as the psoriasis of other localizations.However, none of the many theories of psoriasis is generally recognized, and despite the large number of studies, the real causes of the disease are still unknown.Nevertheless, factors are differentiated, the role of which is demonstrated in the development of the disease.
- Inheritance.In about a third of the patients, psoriasis is inherited in accordance with the classic laws of genetics: from the parents to descendants according to the autosomal dominant mechanism.In other cases, psoriasis refers to multifactorial for diseases if hereditary factors increase the risk of illness in the presence of other significant effects.
- Immune, endocrine, metabolic disorders.
- Epidermal diseases: Different types of changes in the vital cycle of skin cells, under which the greatest value to abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes (acceleration of the skin division of the skin) and a slowdown of morphological differentiation (maturation and division into different cell types) is bound.
The main symptoms
The main symptom of the psoriasis of the head of the head is the thickened, clearly delimited papel and plaques made of pink or bright red color with a characteristic silver -white shepherd on its surface.Typical localization - the forehead and the freezer area on the edge of the hair growth zone.At the beginning of the disease there are usually only a few plaques, they are pale and, so to speak, preserve for a long time in the same places.After exposure to provocative factors (trauma, infection, pregnancy, nutrition, nerve shock, etc.), the rash takes place.The level of size, merge, become brighter and itching.Hair with psoriasis does not fail, even with a difficult course and extensive lesions of the scalp.
If the surface of the plaques is displayed, you can determine the characteristic triad of symptoms:
- The phenomenon of the stearin stain is an increase in peeling with slight props.
- The phenomenon of the end film - after removing the scales, the surface of the plaque becomes wet, thin, shiny.
- Auspitz symptom or a phenomenon of bloody dew - with careful spread of the end film, a point bleeding occurs in the form of small, non -spoiled blood waste.
In addition to local symptoms, some patients develop nail lesions and psoriatic arthritis.
Treatment
The treatment of psoriasis on the head should be complex, including the correction of possible causes and the elimination of provocative factors, nutritional therapy as well as general and local funds.Specific recommendations for skin care and the selection of drugs are individual in any case and should give you a dermatologist.
Unfortunately, it is not known today how to completely heal psoriasis - the disease is chronic, susceptible to frequent relapses.However, the thorough fulfillment of all appointments can provide long -lasting remission if skin symptoms become inconspicuous or completely disappear.
diet
The nutrition of patients with psoriasis is similar to the diet of patients with allergies, since it is exactly allergy mediators (histamine and others), the acute support malignant changes in the skin.So you are excluded from the diet:
- Raw material substances (rich meat and fish roast, smoked meat).
- Spices, spices.
- Products with a large number of artificial flavors, dyes.
- Marinades, Sauerry and Salziges vegetables, canned food.
- Mushrooms.
- Alcohol.
- Exotic fruits (mango, kiwi etc.).
Fat and fried dishes are limited, easily digestible carbohydrates (sweets, pasta, butter cheeks), table salt.Against the background of the deterioration, it is recommended to carry out days with intensive itching - a daily hunger twice a week.
Skin care
Even with severe itching, the combing of the skin should be avoided, since injuries to plaques often contribute to the occurrence of new rashes (Kobner phenomenon).To relieve itching and remove scales, wash your heads every day and change the use of special shampoos and decoctions of anti -inflammatory herbs.Shampoo from psoriasis of the head can contain:
- Tar;
- Selena Sulfid;
- Zinc.
Shampoos are not used more than three times a week, and between these methods it is recommended to wash the head with a decoction of chamomile, calendula, sage, extractor extract and tea leaves.
Medication
The treatment of psoriasis on the head for severe exacerbations can be carried out in a hospital, with systemic corticosteroids (orally or intramuscular) and therapy (antihistamines within and intramuscular) have a reviewing therapy.Detoxification is carried out, intravenous administration of sodium thiosulfate, calcium chloride and intramuscular injections of calcium gluconat (or prescribed inside).
In addition, it is possible with severe and moderate psoriasis to prescribe the following groups of medicinal products (strictly according to indications and individually!):
- Cytostatics (methotrexate, cyclosporin) - to suppress abnormal cell proliferation.
- System -Retinoids - to regulate the processes of regeneration and differentiation of skin cells.The drug is not combined with cytostatics and other retinoids.
- System biological active ingredients - reduce the activity of the immune system.
Local means
With extensive skin manifestations, especially with elements of acute inflammation, exudation, in the presence of combs, local funds are limited and extremely careful, since the active penetration of the active substance is possible with the development of systemic side effects.They begin to apply in the stadium of the aggravation, and during the period of the partial remission, local drugs form the basis for the treatment of psoriasis.
In addition to therapeutic shampoos and anti -inflammatory decocements, pastes, ointments, creams, gels and lotions, lotions are used.The following drugs are used most frequently:
- Local agents containing tar are applied twice a day on the scalp with a prices of 1 to 2 weeks.It is not recommended that they are treated for a long time without interruptions because they can cause excessive dry skin.
- Naphthalan ointment.
- Salicylic ointment.Salicylic acid has a keratolytic effect ("dissolved" rough cells), disinfects the surface of the plaques.
- Means with zinc.
- Local forms of glucocorticosteroids.In order to avoid the development of local skin changes (steroid acne, irritation, thinning, atrophy, allergic dermatitis) and systemic side effects (metabolic, hormonal diseases, etc.), corticosteroids are prescribed courses within two weeks per month.They should be applied twice a day with a thin layer and only to plaques, the surface of which has no mechanical damage (combs, erosions).In addition to creams, there are hormonal emulsions and lotions for sale, which can be washed more easily from the hair.
- Analogies of vitamin D are applied to the lesions 2 times a day and can be used in combination with local steroids.
- Local retinoids are applied daily daily in courses of 10 days or more on plaques, depending on the response to treatment (they can cause severe irritation in the area of application).
- Anthral is used up to 4 times a day.Side effects - irritating effect (itching, redness), yellow skin color at the application.
- Combined local remedies are modern and highly effective medication for the treatment of psoriasis.Mostly combinations of glucocorticoids with tar, salicylic acid are used.Another good combined healing for psoriasis on the head.
A large number of trade names of local drugs from psoriasis are produced, and only a specialist can understand it.Do not do yourself, buy the advice from acquaintances or under the influence of advertising, even really effective medication.How to treat psoriasis on the head only one dermatologist should determine, since the local therapy always implies individually selected combinations and alternating medication.
Not -drug treatment
Psoriasis refers to climate -dependent diseases.The natural sunlight is therefore very advantageous for psoriasis and contributes to the decrease in skin manifestations.Patients are recommended every day, but a short stay in the sun (in the morning, closer to the evening).UOF is prescribed in the autumn winter times.River and sea water have a good effect.Persistent and sufficiently complete remission can be achieved after a rehabilitation and treatment course in sanatoriums on the Dead Sea.
In the treatment of psoriasis of the head, physiotherapy techniques are often used: phototherapy of UFV, UFV of a narrow area, ball therapy.It should be taken into account that the frequent stay in the sun and in physiotherapy methods for the treatment of psoriasis increases the risk of skin cancer, so